Table of Contents



Taxonomy for cognitive work analysis

Citation - Rasmussen, J., Pejtersen, A., & Schmidt, K. (1990). Taxonomy for cognitive work analysis. Riso National Laboratory.

Keyword - Cognitive work analysis

Source - http://www.itu.dk/~schmidt/papers/taxonomy.pdf

Abstract

Introduction

The Need for a New Taxonomic Framework

A Law Seeking, Teleological Approach / 尋找定律,目的論取向

討論分類學的基本法則

Taxonomy in Biology / 生物學的分類學

Task taxonomies in Psychology

Nomothetic Analysis / 律則式分析

Taxonomy for Work Analysis

based on a theory of systems and their agents as being evolutionary, self-organizing and goal directed.

Classification

7 Points of View in Work Analysis / 工作分析的七種觀點

  1. 工作領域, 工作場域 / Work Domain, Task Space (與情境無關的表徵 / Situation Independent Representation).
    • 手段-目的/工作的整體-部分地圖 / Means-ends/whole-part map of landscape of work.
    • 定義可能的手段-目的關係清單 / Defines the inventory of potential means-ends relations.
    • 專注於內在價值、目的、與限制 / Focuses attention on implicit values, goals, and constraints.
  2. 領域方面的活動分析 / Activity Analysis in Domain Terms (類別的,非程序的 / Categorical, not procedural).
    • 辨識出原型工作情境與領域任務 / Identifies prototypical work situations and tasks in domain terms.
  3. 資訊方面的決策分析 / Decision Analysis in Information Terms
    • 辨識出資訊程序方面的認知決策功能 Identifies cognitive decision functions in information processing terms.
  4. 資訊歷程策略 / Information Processing Strategies (工作場域中的瀏覽 / Navigation in Work Space).
    • 辨識出在決策中可能的、有效的策略 / Identifies possible, effective strategies which can be used for decision functions together with the related resource requirements.
  5. 決策角色分配 / Allocation of Decision Roles (工作組織 / Work Organization).
    • 定義工作領域與認知任務分配的角色 Defines agent roles in terms of work domain and cognitive task allocation.
    • 辨識出協調溝通所必須的內容 / Identifies the content of communication necessary for coordination.
  6. 管理結構 / Management Structure (社會組織 / Social Organization).
    • 辨識出合作溝通的形式。以社會價值參照與社會互動協定,定義管理結構 / Identifies the form of coordinating communication. Defines management structure with reference to social values and conventions for social interaction.
  7. 心智資源、能力、與個人偏好 / Mental Resources, Competency, and Preferences of the Individual
    • 行動者(參與者) / Actor. (新手/專家 / Novices/Experts).
    • 與專業與資源程度相關的心智模型。辨識出績效標準;採用何種策略? / Relates mental models with levels of expertise and agent resources. Identifies performance criteria; which strategy will be used?
Definition of System / 系統定義

Delimitation of the System of Work / 工作系統界定

System Inventory and Boundaries / 系統內部清單與外部範圍

Interaction of System with the Environment / 系統與環境的互動

Work Domain Description

工作領域描述:其手段-目的設定 / Work Domain Description: Its Means-Ends Configuration

The map of domain

Definition of the Means-Ends levels

手段-目的關係 / MEANS-ENDS RELATIONS 系統呈現之屬性 / PROPERTIES OF THE SYSTEM SELECTED FOR REPRESENTATION
目的, 限制 / Goals and Purposes, Constraints 客戶與市場關係; 競爭者; 產量需求; 財務與環保法規; 勞動安全法規; 工會協議
優先性衡量 / Priority Measures; Flow and Accumulation of Mass, Energy, Information, People, and Money. 物流拓樸, 能源, 各種物質形式, (損失, 污染, 原物料); 原料與沒入成本, 金流, 人力資源替換
一般功能與活動 / General Functions and Activities 行銷, 人事管理, 設計, 產品計劃, 生產, 維護; 鑄造, 冷卻, 加熱, 精練, 金屬加工等
工作的物理性程序, 設備 / Physical Processes in Work and Equipment 工作活動與程序
外觀, 位置, 物體的設定 / Appearance, Location, and Configuration of Material Objects 物質特徵, 形狀, 大小, 重量, 外觀, 位置; 設備與裝置的設定與內部構造; 建築平面配置; 草圖; 道路與地點圖

Analysis

Classes and terminology of work domain

Metadata

Author - Rasmussen, J., Pejtersen, A., Schmidt, K.

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