Key person: Reijo Savolainen (1995)

• Question:
  • “to elaborate the role of social and cultural factors that affect people's way of preferring and using information source in everyday setting”.
  • not job-related information seeking
• assumptions: “even through individuals select and use various sources to solve problems or make sense of their everyday world, the source preferences and use patterns are ultimately socially conditioned.”(p.143)

• Way of life [生活方式]
  • based on Pierre Bourdieu's habitus: “socially and culturally determined system of thinking, perception, and evaluation, internalized by the individual.”
  • Way of life: “order of things, which based on the choices that individuals make, ultimately oriented by the factors constituting habitus.
  • Things: “stand for various activities taking place in the daily life world, including not only job but also necessary reproductive tasks such as household care and voluntary activities (hobbies).”
  • Order: “refer to preferences given to these activities.”

• [生活方式]的主要操作化因素
  • Structure of time budget [時間預算結構]： 說明工作時間與休閒時間的競爭關係
  • models of consumption of goods and services [財貨與服務消費模式]
  • natural of hobbies [嗜好的本質]

• mastery of life [生活嫻熟]
  • [生活方式]的再生產
  • 與實用的問題解決相關連
  • “Information seeking is an integral component of mastery of life, which aim is to eliminate a continual dissonance between perception of 'how things are at this moment' and 'how they should be'.”
    資訊尋求是[生活嫻熟]中一個主要的整合性元件。資訊尋求的目的是減少對事物「實然」與「應然」間的不協調感。

• 四種[生活嫻熟]的類型
  1. Optimistic-cognitive mastery of life [認知樂觀的生活嫻熟]: 強烈信賴問題解決所帶來的正面成果。
  2. Pessimistic-cognitive mastery of life [認知悲觀的生活嫻熟]: 認為也許有無法被解決的問題。
  3. Defensive-affective mastery of life [情感防衛的生活嫻熟]: 對問題的可解決性表示樂觀，但情感上避免失敗風險。
  4. Pessimistic-affective mastery of life [情感悲觀的生活嫻熟]: 個人不依賴解決日常生活問題的能力。

• Savolainen, R. (1995). Everyday life information seeking: Approaching information seeking in the context of way of life. Library and Information Science Research, 17(3), 259-294.
• Savolainen, R. (2005). Everyday life information seeking. In K. E. Fisher, S. Erdelez & L. McKechnie (Eds.), Theories of information behavior (pp. 143-148). Medford, NJ: Informatio Today.