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+ | ==Kintsch & van Dijk model== | ||
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+ | Kintsch & Van Dijk (1978)認為人的心智能利用五種總體規則,將閱讀時停留在短期記憶中的命題(proposition)由微觀結構(micro-structure)組成總體結構(macro-structure)。這五種總體規則分別為: | ||
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+ | * 弱刪除(weak deletion): 刪除意外的資訊;不用於解釋稍後某個命題的命題;如,不改變意義的細節。 | ||
+ | * 建構(construction): | ||
+ | * 概化(generalization): | ||
+ | * 強刪除(strong deletion): 刪除與自身情境相關的資訊,使資訊能指陳一般性或預期的關聯。 | ||
+ | * 歸零(zero): | ||
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+ | 稍後 Kintsch 進一步發展其模型(1988, | ||
+ | * 表面表徵(surface representation): | ||
+ | * 命題表徵(propositional representation): | ||
+ | * 情境表徵(situational representation)或心智模型表徵(mental model representation): | ||
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+ | {{tag> | ||